Nathan Wolfe: If we can contain and monitor animal viruses at an earli...

Don't assume that what we currently think is out there is the full story. Go after the dark matter, in whatever field you choose to explore.

Nathan Wolfe

motivation inspiration dark

If an alien visited Earth, they would take some note of humans, but probably spend most of their time trying to understand the dominant form of life on our planet - microorganisms like bacteria and viruses.

Nathan Wolfe

viruses earth trying

If you find diseases before they've really emerged, you can control them early on, before you get a major epidemic.

Nathan Wolfe

epidemics disease majors

I work to create systems that can accurately detect pandemics early, determine their likely importance, and, with any luck, crush those that have the potential to devastate us.

Nathan Wolfe

pandemics crush luck

The world can now maintain an acute infection in a way that is unprecedented in the history of life on our planet.

Nathan Wolfe

history-of-life way world

We've put huge resources into predicting tsunamis, hurricanes, and earthquakes. HIV/AIDS is like an earthquake that's lasted 30 years and touched every country on the planet. We have such incredible capacity to think about the future, it's time we used it to predict biological threats. Otherwise we'll be blindsided again and again.

Nathan Wolfe

country years thinking

The features of globalization have huge consequences on pandemics. It just connects us so much more closely... And as a consequence, every one of these viruses that passes from animals to humans has the capacity to infect all of us.

Nathan Wolfe

pandemics viruses animal

We may have charted all the continents on the planet, and we may have discovered all the mammals, but that doesn't mean that there's nothing left to explore on Earth.

Nathan Wolfe

mammals earth mean

About 20 percent of the genetic information in your nose doesn't match anything that we've ever seen before.

Nathan Wolfe

motivation inspiration noses

We know there are certain types of viruses that are nasty - influenza, for instance, is an area that is not a blindside. But a lot of viruses have come out of nowhere, like H.I.V., or to a certain extent SARS. Because we know we have the potential to be blindsided, we really have to investigate the unknowns.

Nathan Wolfe

viruses type nasty

Many people on our planet right now despair; they think we’ve reached a point where we’ve discovered most of the things. I’m going tell you right now: Please don’t despair.

Nathan Wolfe

despair people thinking

Seasonal flu is now a pandemic that lasts for years and years because you've got so many people that it's jumping back between northern and southern hemispheres and moving itself around the world. By the time it gets back to where it started, it's changed sufficiently so that people are no longer immune.

Nathan Wolfe

you time people world

Pandemics do not occur randomly. From malaria and influenza to AIDS and SARS, the lethal microbes have come, in the first instance, from animals, especially wild animals. And we increasingly know which parts of the world pose the greatest risk for future incursions.

Nathan Wolfe

pose know future world

With epidemics, people have been standing on the shore, waiting for the gusher to hit the ocean. But to prevent epidemics, you have to look at the various little sources that feed into the river.

Nathan Wolfe

you ocean waiting people

Swine flu is not an anomaly. We know that swine flu - like the vast majority of new outbreaks - comes from animals. We should be monitoring those animals and the humans that come into contact with them, so we can catch these viruses early, before they infect major cities and spread throughout the world.

Nathan Wolfe

animals new know world

The reality is: By the time swine flu got on the radar screen of global public health, it had already spread. It was already in the States, it was in Mexico, it was in New Zealand. By the time it reaches that point, you've lost the ability to contain it.

Nathan Wolfe

you health time reality

If we can provide even a few months of early warning for just one pandemic, the benefits will outweigh all the time and energy we're devoting. Imagine preventing health crises, not just responding to them.

Nathan Wolfe

will health energy time

When there is an influenza threat, drop everything and focus on risks from influenza pandemics. When SARS spreads, focus on unknown respiratory diseases. This approach helps to quell public concern, but it's a hugely inefficient way to deal with future risks.

Nathan Wolfe

risks future focus way

We live in a world fraught with risk from new pandemics. Fortunately, we also now live in an era with the tools to build a global immune system.

Nathan Wolfe

live new tools world

As a species, I think we have no choice but to try and forecast pandemics.

Nathan Wolfe

i-think choice try think

If we can contain and monitor animal viruses at an earlier stage - when they're first entering human populations, preferably before they've had a chance to become human-adapted, certainly before they've had a chance to spread - we can head off pandemics altogether.