People infer high self-efficacy from successes achieved through minimal effort on difficult tasks, but they infer low self-efficacy if they had to work hard under favorable conditions to master relatively easy tasks Albert Bandura More Quotes by Albert Bandura More Quotes From Albert Bandura Self-efficacy beliefs differ from outcome expectations, judgments of the likely consequence [that] behavior will produce. Albert Bandura outcomes self expectations Except for events that carry great weight, it is not experience per se, but how they match expectations, that governs their emotional impact Albert Bandura impact emotional expectations Self-percepts foster actions that generate information, as well as serve as a filtering mechanism for self-referent information in the self-maintaining process Albert Bandura maintaining information self Measures of self-precept must be tailored to the domain of psychological functioning being explored. Albert Bandura domain psychological self Moreover, joint occurrences tend to be better recalled than instances when the effect does not occur. The proneness to remember confirming instances, but to overlook disconfirming ones, further serves to convert, in thought, coincidences into causalities. Albert Bandura joints causality doe Very often we developed a better grasp of the subjects than the over worked teachers. Albert Bandura subjects teacher Self-efficacy is the belief in one's capabilities to organize and execute the sources of action required to manage prospective situations. Albert Bandura belief self action In any given instance, behavior can be predicted best by considering both self-efficacy and outcome beliefs . . . different patterns of self-efficacy and outcome beliefs are likely to produce different psychological effects Albert Bandura patterns different self Self-appraisals of efficacy are reasonably accurate, but they diverge from action because people do not know fully what they will have to do, lack information for regulating their effort, or are hindered by external factors from doing what they can Albert Bandura effort self people Incongruities between self-efficacy and action may stem from misperceptions of task demands, as well as from faulty self-knowledge Albert Bandura tasks self may The presence of many interacting influences, including the attainments of others, create further leeway in how one's performances and outcomes are cognitively appraised Albert Bandura self-efficacy influence outcomes Behavior must also be adequately assessed under appropriate circumstances. Ill-defined global measures of perceived self-efficacy or defective assessments of performance will yield discordances. Disparities will also arise when efficacy is judged for performances in actual situations but performance is measured in simulated situations that are easier to deal with than the actualities Albert Bandura assessment yield self For many activities, people cannot rely solely on themselves in evaluating their ability level because such judgments require inferences from probabilistic indicants of talent about which they may have limited knowledge. Self-appraisals are, therefore, partly based on the opinions of others who presumably possess evaluative competence Albert Bandura levels self people [Attributional] factors serve as conveyors of efficacy information that influence performance largely through their intervening effects on self-percepts of efficacy Albert Bandura information influence self People who are burdened by acute misgivings about their coping capabilities suffer much distress and expend much effort in defensive action... they cannot get themselves to do things they find subjectively threatening even though they are objectively safe. They may even shun easily manageable activities because they see them as leading to more threatening events over which they will be unable to exercise adequate control. Albert Bandura effort exercise people Misbeliefs in one's inefficacy may retard development of the very subskills upon which more complex performances depend Albert Bandura self-efficacy development may Perceived self-efficacy influences the types of causal attributions people make for their performances Albert Bandura influence self people Such self-referent misgivings creates stress and undermine effective use of the competencies people possess by diverting attention from how best to proceed to concern over personal failings and possible mishaps Albert Bandura stress self people Expected outcomes contribute to motivation independently of self-efficacy beliefs when outcomes are not completely controlled by quality of performance. This occurs when extraneous factors also affect outcomes, or outcomes are socially tied to a minimum level of performance so that some variations in quality of performance above and below the standard do not produce differential outcomes Albert Bandura quality motivation self Perceived self-inefficacy predicts avoidance of academic activities whereas anxiety does not Albert Bandura anxiety self doe
